The GSX-S1000 is powered by a street-tuned version of the four-stroke, liquid-cooled, DOHC, 999cc, inline-four engine that became a legend in the 2005 GSX-R1000.

A long‑stroke design with a 73.4mm bore and a 59.0mm stroke allows the combustion chambers to be compact. It therefore allows a combination of an optimal compression ratio, a flat‑top piston shape, and a broad spread of power throughout the rev range. Advances inside the engine begin with the pistons. Suzuki used finite‑element‑analysis techniques to make the pistons light without compromising their rigidity. The benefits include broad torque and quick acceleration.

An engine control module (ECM) provides state‑of‑the‑art engine management and has settings that are optimised for sport riding. A key technology under the ECM’s control is an updated version of the downdraft double‑barrel Suzuki Dual Throttle Valve (SDTV) system that has always been part of the GSX‑R legend. The SDTV helps to ensure efficient combustion and smooth power delivery.